I understand how to use PLS-SEM to produce outer loadings. However, can anyone explain how PLS calculates outer loadings? Or possibly provide the formula (that can be done by hand or in Excel, SPSS; a procedure, or theory? Can anyone recommend any resources (videos, etc.)? I'd like to understand the workings behind the numbers? What causes a high loading? What causes a low loading etc.?
Thank you for any help that can be provided.
Algorithm for outer loadings
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- SmartPLS Developer
- Posts: 1287
- Joined: Tue Mar 28, 2006 11:09 am
- Real name and title: Dr. Jan-Michael Becker
Re: Algorithm for outer loadings
In a normal PLS algorithm, where both latent variables and indicators are standardized, the outer loadings are simply the correlations between the indicator and the estimated latent variable score.
As the latent variable score is a weighted sum of the indicators, you usually have higher outer loadings, if you indicators of a construct correlate highly. Because then also the correlation between the resulting latent variable composite and the indicators is higher.
As the latent variable score is a weighted sum of the indicators, you usually have higher outer loadings, if you indicators of a construct correlate highly. Because then also the correlation between the resulting latent variable composite and the indicators is higher.
Dr. Jan-Michael Becker, BI Norwegian Business School, SmartPLS Developer
Researchgate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jan_Michael_Becker
GoogleScholar: http://scholar.google.de/citations?user ... AAAJ&hl=de
Researchgate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jan_Michael_Becker
GoogleScholar: http://scholar.google.de/citations?user ... AAAJ&hl=de
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- PLS Junior User
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- Joined: Fri Jan 06, 2023 4:55 am
- Real name and title: Padmika Herath
Re: Algorithm for outer loadings
Hi Scholars , PLS-SEM experts;
What causes for a high loading? and
What causes for a low loading ?
BR
Padmika
What causes for a high loading? and
What causes for a low loading ?
BR
Padmika